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Jean Pasqualini
Jean Pasqualini (; 1926 – 9 October 1997) was a French and Chinese journalist who wrote a memoir of his experiences as a political prisoner in the Laogai labor camp system.〔〔G.P. Deshpande (Book Reviews : East Asia: Bao Ruo-wang (Jean Pasqualini) and Rudolph Chelminski. Prisoner of Mao. ), ''International Studies'', April 1977 vol. 16 no. 2 296-297.〕 Born in Beijing, Jean Pasqualini was the son of a Chinese mother and a Corsican French father.〔New York Times, ('Obituary : Jean Pasqualini, Who Wrote Account of China's Gulag, Dies' ), 7 October 1997.〕 His Chinese name is rendered as Bao Ruowang,〔Chicago Tribune, ('Jean Pasqualini: Wrote About China Labor Camps' ), 13 October 1997〕 with "Bao" representing the first syllable in Pasqualini and "Ruowang" being a phonetic rendering of Jean.
==Biography==
As a child, Jean Pasqualini attended mission schools Tianjin and Shanghai, and worked as a translator for the U.S. military and the British Embassy in Beijing prior to the Communist Party takeover in 1949.〔〔 During the political campaigns of 1957, Pasqualini was sentenced to 12 years in detention, and was accused of "counter-revolutionary activity" on the basis of his work with foreigners.〔 He was released in 1964 after France established diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China. Following his release, he was expelled and moved to Paris.〔
In 1973, along with co-author Rudolph Chelminski, Jean Pasqualini published his autobiography ''Prisoner of Mao''. The book recounted his experiences as a prisoner from 1957–1964, including 15 months of interrogation that led to a 700-page confession. Jean Pasqualini recalled the experience of the Great Chinese Famine, and of being privately warned by a labor camp doctor not to eat the adulterated food that had been mixed with sawdust.〔 He also detailed at length the daily criticism and self-criticism sessions. Over the course of his imprisonment, Jean Pasqualini wrote that he lost the capacity for independent thought, his defiance and skepticism gradually giving way to acceptance of his own guilt.〔
Pasqualini spent his later years in France working as a translator and researcher for Newsweek and Life magazine. In 1992, he co-founded the Laogai Research Foundation with Harry Wu.〔Benjamin Ivry, ('Pasqualini, Out of Print' ), Commentary Magazine, 29 August 2007.〕 He died in a Paris hospital in 1997.〔
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